ANALYSIS OF ERP-BASED SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT DATA USING STATISTICAL MODELS

Better performance is considered as an efficient measure in order to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of a supply chain management system. Through the development of internet of things, the amount of data is increased exponentially. There are large numbers of applications of IoT in different domains such as production, supply chain of manufacturing, engineering, finance, healthcare domain, etc. A build-to-order supply chain be defined as a production system which is capable enough to deliver goods and services according to the customer's requirements. The time constraint and overall costs are considered as vital factors during the process of supply chain management. Build-to-order and configure-to-order strategies are usually carried out through the process of bulk customization and ecommerce. It will no doubt decrease the overall manufacturing time.

There have been extensive amount of research works carried out in the domain of ERP systems since last decade. The numbers of articles have also increased significantly. Presently, ERP systems are implemented in almost all of the big as well as small companies. We can mention that, almost all of the research works are performed superficially. Presently, the effect of information technology on a particular company structure, behavior and performance is analyzed thoroughly since few years. Among numbers of different factors influencing research methodologies, the most important factor is the continuous modifications in any company due to the shifting environment. The above mentioned technologically modified environment generates completely new capabilities as well as resources. These capabilities and resources can be applied in the organizational arena. There exist several kinds of modifications those include modifications to the complete business structure.  In this research paper, they have studied and analyzed the complete process with the help of special kind of technological method which can be applied in most of the large scale as well as small scale companies. 

The researchers have also emphasized on the concepts of cloud computing, community cloud computing, and so on. In case of cloud computing, the resources are not physically present the organization. In fact, the resources are virtualized and distributed. These resources are geographically dispersed which can be accessed with the help of a non-demand, web-based approaches. The process of community cloud computing is actually defined as a specific cloud infrastructure which can be used by a particular community of users from a specific organization. It can be owned, operated and controlled through a single or multiple organizations in the community. Sometimes, a third party can access the community cloud.

Most of the classical business applications just like computer aided design, product data management, computer aided manufacturing, enterprise resources planning depends upon a centralized server and several procedural software. All of the systems are not at all autonomous and these systems never support dynamic business environment. With rapid growth of internet and technology, the ERP systems have become automated and web based. According to the global business constraints, an authenticated user can access the information and he can communicate with the help of internet. 

With the requirement of mobility and on- demand services, the development latest ERP systems have become more complicated and complex task. Because of global competition and rapid extension of knowledge, most of the organizations are implementing build-to-order supply chain. The above-mentioned supply chain usually provides very fast delivery of several customized products and services. In case of build-to-order supply chain, the complete supply chain is formed from upstream suppliers through downstream order and delivery options. The complete process of build-to-order strategy can be divided into two sub-, those are:- downstream oriented build-to-order method and upstream oriented just-in-time method.

Because of the bulk customization requests, the global supply chain has become very complicated. It needs multiple parallel information and physical flows. Because of the complexities, the level of uncertainty and risks also increases. There are large numbers of risks present in the supply chain which may lead to negative implication on the performance. All of the organizations must have an efficient and effective method in order to manage the risk factors and disruptions. 

Therefore, the required level of agility can be achieved. The constructive collaboration in between different business partners within a particular supply chain is very important.

Because of the global nature of markets and increasing competitions, numbers of different companies modify their operations. Presently, almost all of the companies have shifted from the traditional centralized operations to decentralized operations. Companies have modified most of their strategies, methods and operations in order to deal with the modifying requirements. Now-a-days, almost all of the companies are required to compete with each other according to multiple competitive performance objectives just like quality, price, responsiveness, flexibility and dependability. The current market environment mostly changes according to the customers’ requirements and preferences. Apart from this, exponential growth of technology can also influence the market environment. The above mentioned factors are considered as the most vital factors. Sometimes, these factors may create severe challenges for the production managers. 

Researchers have focused on redesigning of products as well as processes. Therefore, the negative influence of product variety can be eliminated. Many large companies have introduced supply chain system in order to resolve the issues of uncertainty those occurs because of variability in demand. Let us consider an example where dell and gateway introduced a build-to-order supply chain in order to satisfy the demand variability. It has the responsibility to recognize different characteristics and predict the demands. 

There exists large numbers of such methods, but it is very much necessary to develop different models in order to determine optimal solution. During the construction of above mentioned models, the overall expenses, advantages and performance are considered as three major factors. Top level managers usually consider the business analytics as a differentiating factor in order to achieve competitive advantages. Apart from this, these are helpful to gather the value potential. A group of researchers have mentioned that, for an increase of 5 to 6% of productivity, the company's must implement an efficient business analytics. 

According to different research methodologies, we can state that, the business analytics influence the supply chain performance significantly. Apart from this, the disruptive potential of data driven decision making process is required to be analyzed thoroughly. 

Most of the software development companies presently uses in- memory database that usually supports the concepts of real-time business intelligence. Additionally, it also supports big data analytics for vast amount of complicated data. The in- memory database systems provide fast processing and analysis of vast amount of data. It usually stores data directly in the main memory. Again, it discards various kinds of hard disk operations. Different improved data management strategies and multicore hardware architecture are developed in order to manage the in- memory database systems.

Enterprise systems usually present very vital technology investment method for different operation managers. Enterprise system usually involves different applications such as enterprise resource planning, supply chain management and customer relationship management. In this research work, the influences of investments in case of ERP, SCM and CRM are analyzed thoroughly. The effectivity and efficiency of the system is evaluated in terms of stock price and profitability performance.

ERP system can be defined as a specific kind of information system that is required during the planning and integration of enterprise’s subsystems. The prime objective of this ERP system is to merge the interdepartmental operation procedures and management information systems together. Hence, it will no doubt decrease the supply chain expenses, decrease the production time, enhances the product quality and provide quality services for its all customers. A particular ERP integration system that involves important portions of enterprise is required to be linked and merged together. The implementation procedure of ERP system from buyer to supplier can decrease the overall expenses and the total amount of time. 

The process of supplier selection and order allocation are considered as the two vital problems that usually occur in the purchasing department of most of the enterprises. The above mentioned problems can be resolved through the implementation of ERP system. Again, it has the responsibility to optimize the complete purchase environment. The selection procedure of appropriate supplier brings advantages for the company. Apart from this, it can also increase the customer satisfaction level. According to another group of researchers, the supplier selection is considered as a group decision issue. The manufacturers are required to have proper cooperation and interaction during the suppliers selection process in order to increase the productivity and decrease the overall expenses. Previously, price was considered as the major reason to select supplier. 

At that time, the cost reduction is considered as the most vital factor during the process of decision making. But in the present scenario, suppliers' price, quality and service are considered as the vital factors during the selection procedure of suppliers. The process of supplier selection is considered as a multiple criteria decision making issue that will need consideration of tangible as well as intangible factors.

Conclusion

Performance is considered as the most vital factor during the evaluation of efficiency and effectiveness of a supply chain management system. With the rapid advancement of internet of things, the amount of data is increasing day by day. A build-to-order supply chain is defined as a specific production system that is efficient to deliver goods and services according to the customer's needs. Furthermore, the time constraint and overall costs are considered as the most important factors at the time of supply chain management. The overall manufacturing time can be decreased significantly. The researchers have also focused on the theories of cloud computing and community cloud computing. In cloud environment, the resources are virtualized and distributed. The process of community cloud computing can be defined as an important cloud infrastructure which can be used by a particular community of users from a specific organization. In this research article, we have studied and analyzed analysis of ERP based supply chain management data using various statistical models. We have discussed the advantages and disadvantages of all of these approaches.